PDL Abstract

IODA: A Host/Device Co-Design for Strong Predictability Contract on Modern Flash Storage

SOSP ’21, October 26-29, 2021, Virtual Event, Germany.

Huaicheng Li^*, Martin L. Putra*, Ronald Shi*, Xing Lin†, Gregory R. Ganger^, Haryadi S. Gunawi*

^Carnegie Mellon University
*University of Chicago
†NetApp

http://www.pdl.cmu.edu/

Predictable latency on flash storage is a long-pursuit goal, yet, unpredictability stays due to the unavoidable disturbance from many well-known SSD internal activities. To combat this issue, the recent NVMe IO Determinism (IOD) interface advocates host-level controls to SSD internal management tasks. While promising, challenges remain on how to exploit it for truly predictable performance.

We present IODA, an I/O deterministic flash array design built on top of small but powerful extensions to the IOD interface for easy deployment. IODA exploits data redundancy in the context of IOD for a strong latency predictability contract. In IODA, SSDs are expected to quickly fail an I/O on purpose to allow predictable I/Os through proactive data reconstruction. In the case of concurrent internal operations, IODA introduces busy remaining time exposure and predictablelatency-window formulation to guarantee predictable data reconstructions. Overall, IODA only adds 5 new fields to the NVMe interface and a small modification in the flash firmware, while keeping most of the complexity in the host OS. Our evaluation shows that IODA improves the 95±99.99𝑡ℎ latencies by up to 75×. IODA is also the nearest to the ideal, no disturbance case compared to 7 state-of-the-art preemption, suspension, GC coordination, partitioning, tiny-tail flash controller, prediction, and proactive approaches.

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